Chapter
22

Earth's Interior
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22.1 Earth's Structure22.4 Plate Tectonics
22.2 Minerals22.5 Earthquakes
22.3 Rocks and the Rock Cycle22.6 Volcanoes
  



In this photo, the fishing port of Vestmannaeyjar, Iceland, is threatened by volcanic ash and lava from the nearby Eldfell volcano.

 
 

How do science concepts apply to your world? Here are some questions you'll be able to answer after you read this chapter.

 
 

How Are Rocks and Minerals Different?

Procedure

  1. Place several mineral and rock samples on a flat surface that has been covered with newspaper. Use a hand lens to examine each sample closely. Describe the color of each sample and the appearance of any visible particles that make it up. Record your observations.
  2. Place one mineral sample in a plastic bag and put the bag on the newspaper.
  3. Gently tap the sample with a hammer until the sample breaks. CAUTION: Always wear safety goggles and a lab apron when breaking minerals and rocks. Use a hand lens to examine the texture and color of the pieces of the sample. Record your observations.
  4. Repeat Steps 2 and 3 using the remaining mineral and rock samples.

Think About It

  1. Comparing and Contrasting   Compare the texture and color of each unbroken sample with the texture and color of the broken pieces of that sample. What similarities and differences do you observe? Are these similarities and differences consistent for both types of samples?
  2. Forming Operational Definitions   How would you define a mineral? How would you define a rock?

 
 
 
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