|
|
| Illustrations |
|
8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, 22, 24 Marcel Laverdet;
41,
43-45, 48-49, 66-68, 71-
73, 75, 77-79
Leonello
Calvetti; 85, 89-90, 94-102, 104-106,
108-110, 112
Jeff
Mangiat; 123, 146, 148, 151,
153, 263-264,
266,
270, 275 Adam Benton; 232,
234, 236, 238,
240, 242,
244, 246, 248, 268, 408,
410, 412, 414,
416, 418,
420,
422, 424, 426, 428,
430, 448, 450,
452, 454, 456, 458,
460, 462, 464,
513 Sharon &
Joel Harris; 376, 378, 380,
382,
384, 386, 388, 390,
392, 394,
480, 482, 484, 486,
488, 490, 512-514, 516, 518, 520, 522, 524, 526,
528, 576, 578, 580, 582, 584, 586, 588, 590
Patrick
Gnam; 519, 544, 546-547 Bob
Kayganich. |
|
| Photographs |
|
Every effort has been made to secure permission
and
provide appropriate credit for
photographic
material.
The publisher deeply regrets any
omission and pledges
to
correct errors called to
its attention in subsequent
editions. |
|
Unless otherwise acknowledged, all photographs
are
the property of Scott Foresman, a
division of
Pearson
Education. |
|
| Photo locators denoted as follows: Top (T), Center (C), Bottom (B), Left (L), Right (R),
Background
(Bkgd). |
|
| Cover: |
|
(C) ©DR & TL Schrichte/Getty Images, (CL) Getty
Images,
(Bkgd) ©Gary Bell/Getty
Images, (B, BL)
©Fred Bavendam/
Minden Pictures. |
|
| Front Matter: |
|
ii ©DK Images;
iii (T, B) ©DK Images; x University
Corporation for Atmospheric Research/National
Science Foundation/National Center for Atmospheric
Research; xi ©Paul Seheult/Corbis; xv ©James
Stevenson/National Maritime Museum, London/
©DK Images; xvi ©DK
Images; xxii KSC/NASA; xxiii (TL)
Brand X
Pictures,
(BL) Corbis, (BCL) ©Spencer Jones/
PictureArts/
Corbis, (CL) ©Mary Ellen Bartley/
PictureArts/
Corbis, (TR) KSC/NASA; xxiv (TL, CL,
BL) KSC/NASA,
xxv KSC/NASA,
xxvi KSC/NASA,
xxviii (R) Getty Images,
(CL) ©Michael S.
Yamashita/Corbis, (CR)
©David R.
Frazier/Photo Researchers, Inc., (C) Stephen Oliver/©DK
Images, (C) ©DK
Images; xxix (TL) Brand X Pictures, (CR)
©Pascal Goetgheluck/Photo Researchers, Inc.,
(TR)
©David Munns/Photo Researchers, Inc., (CC) Getty
Images, (BR) ©Stockbyte;
xxx (TR, CR, BL) Getty Images;
xxxi (TC) Getty Images, (TL) ©David Parker/Photo
Researchers, Inc., (TR) Brand X Pictures, (BR) ©Stockbyte. |
|
| Unit A: |
|
Divider: ©Martin Harvey/Gallo Images/Corbis; Chapter 1: 1
(C) ©Frans Lanting/
Minden Pictures, (TR) ©Paulo De
Oliveira/OSF/Animals Animals/Earth Scenes; 2 (T)
©Jim
Brandenburg/Minden Pictures, (BC) ©DK Images; 3 ©DK
Images; 5 (Bkgd) ©Jim
Brandenburg/Minden Pictures,
©DK Images; 6 (C) ©Jim Brandenburg/Minden
Pictures,
(BL) ©Michael Melford/NGS Image Collection; 8 (BL)
©T. Beveridge/Visuals
Unlimited, (BC) ©Stanley Flegler/
Visuals Unlimited, (BC) Corbis, (BR) ©Michael Fogden/
Animals Animals/Earth Scenes, (CR) Jerry Young/©DK
Images; 9 (TL)
©Kennan Ward/Corbis, (TL, TC, TR) ©DK
Images, (TC) ©Darrell Gulin/Corbis, (TR)
©Darren Bennett/
Animals Animals/Earth Scenes, (BL) Juliette Wade/©DK
Images, (BC)
©D. Robert & Lorri Franz/Corbis, (R) Jerry
Young/©DK Images; 10 (CL) ©Michio
Hoshino/Minden
Pictures, (TR, CR) ©DK Images; 11 (TR) Jane Burton/©DK
Images,
(CL) ©DK Images, (TC) ©Joe McDonald/Corbis;
13 (TR) ©Chris Newbert/Minden
Pictures, (TL) ©Kevin
Aitken/Peter Arnold, Inc., (BR) ©John Stern/Animals
Animals/
Earth Scenes, (BL) ©Sumio Harada/Minden
Pictures; 14 (BL) Jerry Young/©DK Images,
(TL) ©DK
Images; 15 (TL, CL, CR BC) ©DK Images, (TR) ©Mark
Bowler/NHPA Limited;
16 (C) Senekenberg Nature
Museum /©DK Images, (BC) ©DK Images; 17 (CR) ©DK
Images, (B) Jerry Young/©DK Images; 18 (BL) ©DK
Images, (TL) Natural History
Museum/©DK Images; 19
(TR) Natural History Museum/©DK Images, (TL, CL, CR)
©DK Images, (BL, BC) ©Triarch/Visuals Unlimited, (BR)
©David Wrobel/Visuals
Unlimited, (BC) ©Carolina
Biological/Visuals Unlimited; 20 (T, TL, CL, BL) ©DK
Images;
21 (TC) ©Tony Wharton/Frank Lane Picture
Agency/Corbis, (TL, TR) ©DK Images; 22
(TL, R, BL)
©DK Images; 23 (TR, BR) ©DK Images; 24 (BL) ©Kevin
R. Morris/Corbis,
(TL) ©Dr. Richard Kessell & Dr. Gene
Shih/Visuals Unlimited; 25 (TL) ©Scott T. Smith/Corbis,
(CL) ©Dr. Richard Kessell & Dr. Gene Shih/Visuals
Unlimited, (BL) ©Dr. Ralph
Robinson/Visuals Unlimited,
(CL) ©Stanley Flegler/Visuals Unlimited; 26 ©Charles
Gupton/Corbis; 28 (Bkgd) ©Ralph A. Clevenger/Corbis,
(TR) ©Michael Durham; 29
(TL) Colin Keates/Courtesy
of the Natural History Museum, London/©DK Images,
(TC)
©DK Images, (TR) ©Chassenet/Photo Researchers,
Inc.; 31 ©DK Images; 32 (TL)
©Gail Shumway/Getty
Images, (Bkgd) ©Dung Vo Trung/Sygma/Corbis; 33
©Dr. Fred
Hossler/Visuals Unlimited; Chapter 2: 34
©Dr. Fred Hossler/Visuals Unlimited; 35
©Biophoto
Associates/Photo Researchers, Inc.; 37 (Bkgd)
©Michael Webb/Visuals
Unlimited, (CR) ©NCI/Photo Researchers, Inc.; 38 ©Michael Webb/Visuals Unlimited;
39 ©Dr. Fred Hossler/Visuals Unlimited; 40 (BC)
©Biophoto Associates/Photo
Researchers, Inc., (TL)
©Dr. Fred Hossler/Visuals Unlimited, (TL) ©Michael
Webb/Visuals Unlimited; 42 (CL) ©Dr. Dennis Kunkel/
Visuals Unlimited, (CR) ©David Phillips/Visuals Unlimited,
(TL) ©Dr. Fred Hossler/Visuals Unlimited, (TL) ©Michael
Webb/Visuals Unlimited; 43 (TL) ©Susumu Nishinaga/
Photo Researchers, Inc., (CR) ©RDF/Visuals Unlimited,
(BL) ©Dr. Dennis Kunkel/Visuals Unlimited; 44 (BL) ©Quest/Photo
Researchers, Inc., (CR) ©Veronika
Burmeister/Visuals Unlimited, (TL) ©Dr. Fred Hossler/
Visuals Unlimited, (TL) ©Michael Webb/Visuals Unlimited;
46 (TL) ©Dr. Fred Hossler/
Visuals Unlimited, (CR)
©Dr. Donald Fawcett/Visuals Unlimited, (TL) ©Michael
Webb/Visuals Unlimited; 47 (CC) ©Dr. Richard Kessel &
Dr. Randy Kardon/Tissues &
Organs/Visuals Unlimited,
(TC) ©Dr. Fred Hossler/Visuals Unlimited; 48 (TL)
©Dr. Fred
Hossler/Visuals Unlimited, (TL) ©Michael
Webb/Visuals Unlimited; 50 Getty Images;
52 (Bkgd)
©Quest/Photo Researchers, Inc., (Bkgd) ©Dr. Fred
Hossler/Visuals
Unlimited; 54 (L) ©Dr. Dennis Kunkel/
Visuals Unlimited, (C) ©David Phillips/Visuals
Unlimited,
(R) ©Dr. Fred Hossler/Visuals Unlimited; 56 ©Royalty-
Free/Corbis; 57
©Robert Daly/Getty Images, (L) ©Robert
Llewellyn/Corbis, (TR) Getty Images; Chapter
3: 58
©Jean Claude Revy-ISM/Phototake; 59 ©SPL/Photo
Researchers, Inc.; 61 (Bkgd)
©Lester Lefkowitz/Corbis,
©Michael Webb/Visuals Unlimited; 62 ©Lester Lefkowitz/
Corbis; 64 ©Dr. Stanley Flegler/Visuals Unlimited; 65 (TL)
©Dr. Stanley Flegler/Visuals
Unlimited, (TR) ©Dr. Richard
Kessel & Dr. Randy Kardon/Tissues & Organs/Visuals
Unlimited, (B) ©Dennis Kunkel/Visuals Unlimited; 66 (TL,
TR, CR) ©Dr. Richard Kessel &
Dr. Randy Kardon/
Tissues & Organs/Visuals Unlimited; 69 ©Jean Claude
Revy-ISM/
Phototake; 70 ©Susumu Nishinaga/Photo
Researchers, Inc.; 71 ©Susumu Nishinaga/
Photo
Researchers, Inc.; 73 ©Dr. Richard Kessel & Dr. Randy
Kardon/Tissues &
Organs/Visuals Unlimited; 74
©Omikron/Photo Researchers, Inc.; 75 ©SPL/Photo
Researchers, Inc.; 76 ©Susumu Nishinaga/Photo
Researchers, Inc.; 78 ©Biophoto Associates/Photo
Researchers, Inc.; 82 (C) ©BodyOnline/Getty Images,
(BL, BR, BCR) Getty Images; 86 (L) NASA, (TR)
©Raymond
Gehman/NGS Image Collection; 87 GRIN/
NASA; 88 (BC) National Institute of Health, (BL) ©DK
Images, (TR) ©Hulton-Deutsch Collection/Corbis; 89
(C, CR) ©Frans Lanting/Minden Pictures; Chapter 4: 90
©John Durham/Photo Researchers, Inc.; 91 (BR) ©Ted
Horowitz/Corbis, (CR) ©Breck P. Kent/Animals Animals/
Earth Scenes, (TL) ©John Durham/Photo Researchers,
Inc.; 93 ©John Durham/Photo Researchers, Inc.; 96 (TR)
|
|
©John Durham/Photo
Researchers, Inc., (BR) ©Sinclair
Stammers/Photo Researchers, Inc., (TR) Stephen Oliver/
©DK Images; 97 ©Runk/Schoenberger/Grant Heilman
Photography; 99 ©DK Images; 100
(T, TL) ©DK Images,
(BR) ©P. Dayanandan/Photo Researchers, Inc.; 102
©N. H. (Dan)
Cheatham/DRK Photo; 103 (TR) ©DK
Images, (CR) ©Steve Maslowski/Photo
Researchers,
Inc., (BL) ©Susumu Nishinaga/Photo Researchers, Inc.;
104 (TR) Corbis,
(BC) ©Wally Eberhart/Visuals Unlimited
; 105 (CR) ©Dr. Dennis Kunkel/Visuals
Unlimited, (TC)
©Susumu Nishinaga/Photo Researchers, Inc.; 106 (TR)
©Geoff Dann/
DK Images, (CR) ©Peter Chadwick/DK
Images, (CL, BL, BR) ©DK Images; 107 (TR, BL)
©DK
Images, (TR) ©Wally Eberhart/Visuals Unlimited, (TL)
©Inga Spence/Visuals
Unlimited; 108 (TL, CL) ©Adam
Jones/Visuals Unlimited; 109 ©Carolina Biological
Supply
company/Phototake; 110 ©John M. Roberts/Corbis; 111
(BR) ©Charles
Mauzy/Corbis, (TR) ©Paul A. Souders/
Corbis; 112 Breck P. Kent/Animals Animals/Earth Scenes;
113 (TL) ©Nigel Cattlin/Photo Researchers, Inc., (BL)
©Dr. Robert
Calentine/Visuals Unlimited, (CL) Grant
Heilman Photography; 114 ©DK Images; 116
©Abrams/ Lacagnina/Getty Images; 118 ©DK Images; 120 KSC/
NASA, (Bkgd) KSC/NASA; 121 ©Claus Meyer/Minden
Pictures; Chapter 5: 122 (BL) ©David Muench/Corbis,
(BR) ©Galen Rowell/Corbis, (T) Digital Vision; 125 (CR)
©DK Images, (Bkgd)
©Larry Michael/Nature Picture
Library; 126 (CL, CR) ©D. Robert & Lorri Franz/Corbis,
(Bkgd) ©Larry Michael/Nature Picture Library; 127
©Joe McDonald/Animals Animals/Earth Scenes; 128
(CC) ©Galen Rowell/Corbis, (TL, BL) ©DK Images; 129
(TR) ©Gerry
Ellis/Minden Pictures, (B) ©DK Images;
130 (R) ©Michael Fogden/OSF/Animals
Animals/Earth
Scenes, (TL, B) ©DK Images; 131 (L) ©Carr Clifton/
Minden Pictures,
(BR) ©Tom Brakefield /Corbis; 132 (R)
©Phil Schermeister/Corbis, (BL) ©W. Perry
Conway/
Corbis, (TL) ©DK Images; 133 (L) ©W. Wayne Lockwood,
M.D./Corbis, (BR)
©Ron Sanford/Corbis; 134 (R) ©Diego
Lezama Orezzoli/Corbis, (BC) Jerry
Young/©DK Images,
(TL) ©Carl & Ann Purcell/Corbis; 135 (L) ©Ron Sanford/
Corbis,
(BL) ©Roy Corral/Corbis; 136 (R) ©David Muench/
Corbis, (BC) ©Jim Zuckerman/Corbis, (TL) ©DK Images;
137 (L) ©David Muench/Corbis, (BC) ©Frank Greenaway/
©DK Images; 138 (R) ©Stephen Frink/Corbis, (BL)
©Stuart Westmorland/Corbis, (TC)
©Frank Greenaway/
©DK Images, (TL) ©Fred Bavendam/Peter Arnold, Inc.;
139 (L,
BR) ©Ralph White/Corbis, (TR) ©Paulo De
Oliviera/Animals Animals/Earth Scenes;
140 (TL) ©DK Images, (R) ©Johnny Johnson/Getty Images; 141 (TR) ©Galen Rowell/Corbis, (R) ©Bill Kamin/Visuals Unlimited;
142 (TL) ©DK Images, (B) ©D. Robert & Lorri
Franz/
Corbis, (BR) ©Andrew Syred/Photo Researchers,
Inc., (BC) ©SciMAT/Photo
Researchers, Inc.; 143
©Stephen Frink/Corbis; 144 (BR) ©DK Images, (CR)
©Michael
Sewell/Peter Arnold, Inc., (TL) Neil Fletcher
and Matthew Ward/©DK Images; 145
(BL) ©John Shaw/
Tom Stack & Associates, Inc., (CR) ©DK Images, (BC)
Neil Fletcher
and Matthew Ward/©DK Images, (BC, BR)
Matthew Ward/©DK Images, (BC)
©Michael Quinton/
Minden Pictures, (C) ©Daniel Cox/Getty Images, (CR)
Getty
Images, (C) ©Jane Burton/DK Images; 146 ©Scott
T. Smith/Corbis; 147 (BC, BL) Neil
Fletcher and Matthew
Ward/©DK Images, (BC, BL) Matthew Ward/©DK Images,
(C)
©Michael Quinton/Minden Pictures, (T) ©Michael
Sewell/Peter Arnold, Inc.; 148 ©DK
Images; 150 Karl
Shone/©DK Images; 154 ©DK Images; 156 ©Chris
Newbert/Minden Pictures; 159 ©DK Images; 160
©Ryan McVay/Getty Images; 161
©Christoph Burki/
Getty Images; Chapter 6: 162 (BL) ©Yann Arthus-
Bertrand/Corbis,
(T) ©Michael & Patricia Fogden/Minden
Pictures, (BR) ©Thomas A. Ferrara/Sygma/Corbis; 163
(BL) Jerry Young/©DK Images, (BR) ©Layne Kennedy/
Corbis, (T) Brand X
Pictures; 165 ©Michael & Patricia
Fogden/Minden Pictures; 166 (T, BR) ©DK Images,
©Mitsuhiko Imamori/Minden Pictures; 167 ©Pat ’Hara/
Corbis; 168 (TR, BR) ©Runk/
Schoenberger/Grant
Heilman Photography, (BC) ©DK Images, (BL)
©Winifred
Wisniewski/Frank Lane Picture Agency/
Corbis; 169 (TL) ©Royalty-Free/Corbis, (BC)
©Ted Spiegel/Corbis, (B) ©Will & Deni McIntyre/
Corbis; 170 (TR, B) ©Yann Arthus-Bertrand/Corbis,
(CR) ©Robert Dowling/Corbis; 171 (BR, BC) Getty
Images; 172 (BL)
©Mitsuaki Iwago/Minden Pictures,
(TL) Jerry Young/©DK Images; 173 ©Michael &
Patricia
Fogden/Minden Pictures; 174 (TL, B) ©Biophoto
Associates/Photo
Researchers, Inc., (TR) ©Thomas
A. Ferrara/
Sygma/Corbis; 175 ©Galen Rowell/
Corbis; 176 (BR) ©Layne Kennedy/Corbis, (TR)
©Bettmann/Corbis; 177 ©Art Wolfe/
Photo Researchers,
Inc.; 180 ©Andrew Parkinson/Nature Picture Library;
183 (TR)
Getty Images; 184 (CL) NASA, (TR) ©Gary
Buss/Getty Images, (Bkgd) ©Howard
Sochurek/Corbis;
192 ©Bill Ross/Corbis. |
|
| Unit B: |
|
Divider: (Bkgd, BC) ©Richard Price/Getty Images;
Chapter 7:
193 ©Raymond
Gehman/NGS Image Collection;
194 ©Paul
Linse/Corbis; 195 (TR) ©David
Pu’u/Corbis, (BR) ©E. R. Degginger/Animals Animals/Earth Scenes; 197
©David
Pu’u/Corbis; 198 ©David Pu’u/Corbis; 199
©Royalty-Free/Corbis; 200 ©NASA/
Corbis; 201 (CL)
©NASA/Corbis, (TR) ©Nik Wheeler/Corbis; 203 ©Paul
A.
Souders/Corbis; 204 (R) ©Cosmo Condina/Getty
Images, (TL) ©Tom Stewart/Corbis; 205 ©Tom Stewart/
Corbis; 209 (TR) ©Craig Tuttle/Corbis, (CR) ©Gary
W.
Carter/Visuals Unlimited; 212 Dick Ruhl; 213 (BC)
Brian Cosgrove/©DK Images,
(CC) ©Eastcott/Momatiuk/
Animals Animals/Earth Scenes, (TC) ©Patti Murray/
Animals Animals/Earth Scenes, (TC) ©Stephen Ingram/
Animals Animals/Earth
Scenes, (BC) ©James A. Sugar/
Corbis; 214 (TL) ©George Post/Photo Researchers,
Inc., (CL) ©Jeff Daly/Visuals Unlimited, (TL) ©Henryk
T. Kaiser/Index Stock Imagery;
215 (BCR) ©E. R. Degginger/Animals Animals/Earth Scenes, (BL)
©Henryk T.
Kaiser/Index Stock Imagery, (BR)
©Jim W. Grace/Photo Researchers, Inc., (BCL)
©Frans Lemmens/Getty Images; 216 Getty Images;
218 ©Warren Marr/Panoramic
Images; 220 (CR)
©Patti Murray/Animals Animals/Earth Scenes, (BR)
©Stephen
Ingram/Animals Animals/Earth Scenes;
222 (BC) Corbis, (TR, B) GSFC/NASA; 223
(BL)
GSFC/NASA, (CR) ©Paul A. Souders/Corbis, (TR) Jeff
Schmaltz/MODIS Rapid
Response Team/GSFC/NASA,
(BL) Reto Stöckli/NASA Earth Observatory/NASA;
224
(BC) ©Amos Nachoum/Corbis, (TR) ©Paul A. Souders/
Corbis; 225 ©Bruce
Dale/NGS Image Collection;
Chapter 8: 226 ©Chris Noble/Getty Images; 227 (BR)
©Paul Seheult/Corbis, (TR) Stephen Oliver/©DK Images;
229 ©Chris Noble/Getty
Images; 230 ©Chris Noble/Getty
Images; 239 ©A. & J. Verkaik/Corbis; 240 ©A. &
J. Verkaik/
Corbis; 241 (CC) ©Reuters NewMedia, Inc./Corbis, (L) ©Annie Griffiths
Belt/Corbis; 242 (BR) ©Paul Seheult/
Corbis, (L) Karl Shone/©DK Images; 243 (BR)©David R. Frazier/Photo Researchers, Inc., (L) Stephen Oliver/©DK Images, (BC)©Charles O’Rear/Corbis; 244 (TL) Steve Gorton/©DK Images, (BL) Getty Images,
(CL) University
Corporation for Atmospheric Research/National Science
Foundation/National Center for Atmospheric Research;
248 Neil Fletcher/Courtesy of Oxford
University Museum/
©DK Images; 249 (TL) ©Gary Braasch/Corbis, (BL)
©Charles
O’Rear/Corbis; 250 ©Steve Wilkings/Corbis;
252 ©Paul & Lindamarie Ambrose/
Getty Images; 255
(BL) ©Chris Noble/Getty Images, (TR) ©A. & J. Verkaik/
Corbis;
256 NASA; 257 ©Bruce Davidson/Nature Picture
Library; Chapter 9: 258 (T)©Raymond Gehman/NGS
Image Collection, (BR) ©Joseph Sohm/ChromoSohm,
Inc./Corbis; 259 (BL, BC) Royal Museum of Scotland/
©DK Images, (BL, R, C)©DK Images; 261 ©Raymond
Gehman/NGS Image Collection; 262 ©Raymond
Gehman/NGS Image Collection; 265 ©DK Images;
266 ©/Corbis; 267 (CR) ©Tom
Bean/Corbis, (CL) ©Yann
Arthus-Bertrand/Corbis; 269 (TR, CR) ©Jim Sugar/Corbis; |
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