Scott Foresman Reading Street

GUIDED PRACTICE Have students discuss how they would use the strategy to answer the following question.

What are cowrie shells?

INDEPENDENT PRACTICE After students answer the following test question, discuss the process they used to find information.

What is wampum?

Use the Strategy

Read the test question and locate a key word or phrase.
Scan the headings in the picture encyclopedia, looking for matches to your key word or phrase.
When you find a match, read to find an answer to the test question.

USE HEADINGS Direct students' attention to the headings used on
pp. 112–115. Explain that the headings tell what each section is about. Tell students to use headings to help them quickly locate information about a specific topic. Provide the following strategy.

Strategies
for Nonfiction

Have students who are having comprehension difficulties explain why they are confused. Then provide them with time to reread.

Extend Language Point out the words payment on p. 112 and paid on p. 114. Write the words on the board and explain that they both come from the same base word, pay. Discuss the meanings of these two related words. Ask students if they can think of any other words that have the base word pay. Write any words the students come up with on the board, or add repay and paying to the list on the board.

CONNECT TEXT TO TEXT

Reading Across Texts

Students should note that paper money and coins are much easier to transport than items such as shells, feather coils, salt, stones, and so on. Students may enjoy imagining what life would be like if they had to pay for things using items such as large stone discs or salt bars. You may want to extend the discussion to changes in the banking industry, such as Automatic Teller Machines and electronic banking that have developed since If You Made a Million was written.

Writing Across Texts Before students prepare their charts, you may wish to have them brainstorm as a class to discuss and list the positives and negatives associated with each type of money. Then have students summarize the information by completing their charts.

Hundreds of years ago, people from Africa
and China used salt as money. Pure salt was
expensive. Salt was used to keep food from going
bad. The salt was cut into standard sizes and
covered in reeds. This protected the salt from
breaking. It also kept people from scratching off
some of the salt between trades.

Salt Bar

Reed protecting a salt bar

Wampum

Centuries ago, Native Americans used a belt of
beads for trading. This wampum was made from
clam shells that were smoothed into beads. Each
belt was special. The bead maker used different
colors and patterns. Wampum belts were also
traded during peace agreements.

Wampum belt

Long ago, the people from Yap, an island in the
Pacific, used large stone discs as money. The stones had
holes in the middle. The giant discs were not moved when
paid to a new owner. That’s because the largest stones
weighed over 400 pounds! People used the stone discs to
arrange marriages and to trade houses or boats.

Stone Discs

Writing Across Texts Make a chart. List the “good” and
the “bad” of each kind of money.

What makes paper money and coins easier to use than
the money from long ago, such as shells, feather coils,
salt, stones, and beads?

Reading Across Texts

Stone disc

If something doesn’t make sense, try rereading.

Monitor and Fix-Up



	Close
	Test Practice Write the Guided Practice question on the board. Discuss with students the key words in the question and underline them. If students are having difficulty answering the question, direct their attention to the heading Cowrie Shells on p. 113. Discuss with students how the heading helps them locate the information they need to answer the Guided Practice question. Credit Cards The first credit cards showed up in the 1920s. They were issued by hotels or oil companies. People using these credit cards stayed in a hotel or bought gas on credit, which means they promised to pay cash later after they received the bill. In 1950 the Diners Club issued the first universal credit card. The card could be used at various businesses, and the company charged a yearly fee for using the card. American Express and Bank of America issued credit cards in 1958. By the 1970s credit cards were hugely popular.