Go to page
AFTER READING
AFTER READING
OBJECTIVES
Genre Explanatory Paragraph
Writer's Craft Use Precise Words
Writing Trait Focus/Ideas
  • Write an explanatory paragraph for a test.
  • Identify key words in a prompt.
  • Focus on focus/ideas.
  • Use a rubric.
ELL
Focus/Ideas Write the following sentences on sheets of paper, one to a sheet. Work with English learners to identify the sentence that doesn't belong: Books can be about anything. Libraries have many books. We will swim after lunch. I read many books this summer.
Writing Trait
FOCUS/IDEAS Details are
carefully chosen facts based on what the audience needs to know.
ORGANIZATION/PARAGRAPHS
The paragraph begins with a topic sentence that communicates the paragraph's main idea. The last sentence clearly concludes the
paragraph.
VOICE The writer shows
knowledge of the facts.
WORD CHOICE The writer uses
precise words to communicate facts clearly.
SENTENCES The paragraph
includes both simple and compound sentences.
CONVENTIONS There is
excellent control and
accuracy.
DAY 1
Model the Trait
DAY 2
Improve Writing
DAY 3
Prewrite and Draft
DAY 4
Draft and Revise
DAY 5
Connect to Unit Writing
READING-WRITING CONNECTION
  • When you write a response for tests, remember that including only relevant details will strengthen your answer.
  • Think about how the author uses words precisely in William’s House to describe the house William built.
MODEL FOCUS/IDEAS Discuss Writing Transparency 10A. Point out underlined words in the prompt. Then discuss the model and the writing trait of focus/ideas.
Think AloudThe writer focuses on the schedule of third-grade students during the day. All the sentences relate to third graders. A detail such as what fourth graders are doing during a particular time or how long Ms. Perez has been a teacher would take away from the focus.
Writing Transparency
Writing Transparency 10A
with | without Answers
WRITER'S CRAFT
Use Precise Words
Display Writing Transparency 10B. Work together to replace wordy passages with precise words.
Think AloudCREATE CLEAR PICTURES WITH SPECIFIC WORDS Tomorrow we will write an explanatory paragraph. What words would give new students important information? I could write, "We have art class on Tuesday afternoons. We wear big, old shirts to keep paint off our good clothes." These sentences tell the specific times for art and describe what
kind of shirt is needed and why.
GUIDED WRITING Some may need more help using precise words.
  • Help them find sentences in the selection that use precise words.
  • Work with them to improve: Ian walked carefully and quietly on his toes.
Writing Transparency
Writing Transparency 10B
with | without Answers
READ THE WRITING PROMPT
on p. 267 in the Student Edition.
In William's House, special features make a house suitable
for its environment.
Think about the features that help your home fit into its environment.
Now write an explanatory paragraph about those features.
Writing Test Tips
1. Read the prompt carefully.
  • Find key words.
  • Consider the purpose and audience. How will they affect your writing?
2. Develop a plan. Think of
what you want to say before writing. Use a graphic organizer. For example, for a story, think of a beginning, middle, and end. For a comparison/contrast essay, fill out a T-chart or a Venn diagram.
3. Support your ideas. Use
facts, examples, and details to strengthen your response. Avoid making general statements that are unsupported.
4. Use a variety of sentence
structures. Include compound sentences, varied sentence beginnings, and different sentence lengths and types.
5. Choose clear, precise
words. Use words that create pictures and help readers understand what you mean.
6. Check your writing.
If this is a timed test, you may not have time to recopy your work. However, you can neatly add, delete, or change words and make corrections. It pays to read your work again before handing it in.
EDITING/REVISING
CHECKLIST
  • Focus Do precise words create pictures for readers? Are ideas supported with details?
  • Organization Is information placed in a logical order?
  • Support Did I use compound sentences as well as simple sentences?
  • Conventions Are words with the digraphs sh, th, ph, ch, and tch spelled correctly?
See The Grammar and Writing Book, pp. 104–109.
Revising Tips
Focus/Ideas
  • Make sure that each detail is a key fact.
  • Keep in mind that your purpose is to inform readers.
  • Change vague or general words to precise ones.
ASSESSMENT Use the scoring rubric to evaluate students' work.
Week 1
Summary
173g–173h
Week 2
Week 3
Problem/Solution
223g–223h
Week 4
Feature Story
249g–249h
Week 5
Explanatory
Paragraph
271g–271h
How-to Report
PREVIEW THE UNIT PROMPT
Think of something you learned
or figured out how to do that
involves a few simple steps.
Write the steps in a how-to report.
Make sure you provide all the
necessary information.
APPLY
  • A how-to report explains the steps for making or doing something.
  • Use precise words to help readers understand the process and the steps of the task.
Writing for Tests Explanatory Paragraph
Trait of the Week
Focus/Idea
 
   
Close  
Writing Trait Rubric  
Rubric 4 3 2 1
Focus/Ideas
Excellent focus with many vivid supporting
details; nothing superfluous
Clear focus with some supporting
details; nothing superfluous
Limited focus with a few supporting
details; some unrelated details
Unfocused with little
support and
many unrelated
details
Excellent paragraph with interesting,
well-supported main idea
Paragraph with adequately supported
main idea
Sharper focus on main idea needed
in paragraph
Paragraph with no clear focus or main
idea