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DURING READING
Guiding Comprehension
16 Draw Conclusions • Critical
How are some Chinese Americans different from others?
They speak a different form of Chinese.
17 Target Skill Vocabulary • Antonyms
Read paragraph 1 on p. 187. Find two sets of words that are antonyms.
Left and right, top and bottom.
Monitor Progress
then… use
the vocabulary
skill instruction
on p. 187.
If… students are unable to find two sets of antonyms on
p. 187,
Target Skill Antonyms
18 Summarize • Literal
Summarize how the Chinese language is written.
Each word has its own special mark. These marks are written from right to left and from top to bottom in columns. The marks are sometimes made with a brush and black ink on rice paper.
Tech Files ONLINE
Have students look up Taiwan on the Internet to find out more about its relationship with China.
Target Skill VOCABULARY SKILL
Antonyms
TEACH
  • Tell students that antonyms are words that have opposite meanings. (Examples: hot/cold, slow/fast, day/night.) Explain that a thesaurus lists both a word's synonyms and its antonyms.
  • Explain that a writer may use antonyms to emphasize the difference between two things. For example, a writer might say The boy was interested in learning, not bored as he had been the year before.
  • Model identifying the antonyms in paragraph 1 of p. 187.
Think Aloud MODEL I need to look for two sets of words that mean the opposite. I notice the words speak and write in the second sentence, but these are not opposites. They simply name two things April learns in school. I read on. Later in the paragraph I notice the words right and left. These words are antonyms because they tell two opposite directions of writing. Then I notice the words top and bottom, which are also antonyms. They reveal two opposite positions. The two sets of antonyms in paragraph 1 are right and left and top and bottom.
PRACTICE AND ASSESS
Have students reread p. 186 to identify a word and give an antonym for it. (Possible responses: without/with; older/younger; different/same.)
How My Family Lives in America

"How My Family Lives in America"
by Susan Kuklin

Student Edition
Unit 5, pp. 174–189

Narrative nonfiction gives factual information about real people and events in the form of a story. Look for interesting facts about the three children in this Snapshot.

Sanu, Eric, and April are all Americans living in New York City. Each child has a parent who was born in another country. Each has a story to tell.
Sanu and her brother have African names. Sanu has the same name as an African princess from long ago. Her brother, Badu, was named for a famous African warrior. Their father grew up in Senegal in West Africa. Sanu's African grandparents still live there. She visited them once and learned some African words. Sanu's mother grew up in Baltimore. Sanu's mommy works in a hairstyling shop. There Mommy might braid someone's hair into a Senegalese twist. Sanu likes to go grocery shopping with Daddy. He laughs that in Africa the wife buys and cooks the food. Here he helps to do both. Mommy reminds him that this is America. Sometimes the family eats the way people in Senegal eat. Everyone uses hands to scoop food from a large bowl. The bowl is placed on a cloth on the floor. This is the custom in Senegal. Sanu is happy to be African American, with customs from both Africa and America.
Eric lives in an apartment with his parents and their pet parrot. They are Hispanic Americans. His daddy and all of his grandparents came from Puerto Rico, an island close to Florida. His mommy and he were born in New York City. Eric and Daddy like baseball. It is a popular sport both in Puerto Rico and in New York. Eric liked being able to play ball last winter, when he and his parents visited Puerto Rico. At home Eric and his family speak Spanish and English. His good friends, Irma and Glen, are from the Dominican Republic. They also speak Spanish. People who come from a place where Spanish is spoken are called Hispanic. One of Eric's favorite foods is rice with chicken and beans. He helps Mommy make it. First they put the beans in water and leave them there overnight. That makes them soft. Then he helps her mix the special spices that go into the pot of beans. Eric sees his nana Carmen every day. On some nights, friends visit and do Spanish dances like the merengue. Eric likes to mention that his family enjoys dancing almost as much as baseball.
April lives in New York with her Mama and Papa and her older sister and brother. Both of their parents came to New York from Taiwan, an island next to China. April and her family are Chinese Americans. April also has a Chinese name, Chin Lan. Chin means "admire," and Lan means "orchid." She and her brother and sister go to public school during the week. On weekends they go to Chinese school. There they learn to speak and write Chinese. To make calligraphy, April uses a brush and special paper made from rice. April and Papa like to play Tangram together. They make different shapes with the pieces. April knows that the Chinese admire older people because they are wise. She says that when she grows up, she will teach this to her own family.

From How My Family Lives in America. Copyright © 1992 by Susan Kuklin. Reprinted with permission of Simon & Schuster Books for Young Readers, Simon & Schuster Children's Publishing Division. All rights reserved.

Copyright © Pearson Education.

 
   
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Build Background Show students a page of Chinese writing, pointing out how the marks appear in columns rather than rows. If possible, show students the Chinese marks for some common nouns, such as house, dog, cat, arm, leg, and so on. Point out that in Chinese, there are no letters. Each mark stands for an entire word. Explain that to write in Chinese, you have to know a lot of different marks.
ELL
Holidays
People all around the world celebrate holidays. In most countries,
there are holidays that honor leaders and events important to the country's history. Puerto Rico and the United States celebrate many of the same holidays, such as Thanksgiving, Independence Day, Valentine's Day, and Halloween. Puerto Rico also celebrates the discovery of Puerto Rico on November 19 and several holidays honoring important leaders and events. Some people from the United States, Puerto Rico, and Senegal celebrate the Christian holidays of Christmas and Easter, although some celebrate the Muslim holiday of Ramadan. Taiwanese people celebrate the Chinese New Year festival and the Lantern festival, both which honor the wisdom of earlier times.
Time for SOCIAL STUDIES